ABSTRACT
Based on the principle of non-covalent interactions between oligopeptides and paclitaxel for improving the solubility of paclitaxel, an oligopeptide, N terminal-W(L)-FFGREKD-C terminal (W8), was designed and the solubilization effect of W8 on paclitaxel was detected through experiments. The binding efficiency and the possible optimal conformation were optimized by molecular docking program. The solubilization effect of W8 on paclitaxel was determined by RP-HPLC. And the solubilization mechanism of oligopeptide to paclitaxel was proposed at molecular level. It was indicated from the docking result that there existed pi-pi interactions and several hydrogen-bond interactions between the oligopeptide and paclitaxel. After being solubilized by the oligopeptide, the aqueous solubility of paclitaxel was increased to 28 times. This study provided basis for further research of the solubilization of paclitaxel by oligopeptide and confirmed a novel approach for the design of safe oligopeptide solubilizing excipient.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Little attention has been paid to predictive the factors for recurrence and survival after relapse in patients with breast cancer in Korea. The purpose of this study was to identify the survival and potential prognostic factors associated with survival from the time of a distant relapse. METHODS: Between 1989 and 2000, 2355 patients were treated by surgery for breast cancer at the Breast Clinic of the Asan Medical Center. We retrospectively analyzed 247 women who developed a distant relapse among that. RESULTS: The median follow-up duration from the first distant relapse was 10.5 months (0.5-101 months) and the median age at the time of relapse was 46.8 years, retrospectively. The median survival was 19.2 months with a 41.5% and 19.5%, two and five year overall survivals. The dominant sites for the spread were bone (32.0%), lung (29.3%), soft tissue (20.0%) and other visceral organs (18.7%). The median survivals along the site of the relapse were as follows: bone, 26.6; soft tissue, 19.5; lung, 15.8; and other visceral organs, 9.0 months. The location of recurrence, number of metastatic site (both visceral and multiple), the axillary lymph node status (above 4), and operation methods (breast conserving operation) were significantly associated with shorter survivals from the first distant relapse. Conversely, the estrogen receptor status, adjuvant chemotherapy and disease free interval, all failed to reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that our results for survival of the distant relapsed patients were similar, when comparing to those of Western countries. In this study, the site of the initial recurrence and the axillary lymph node status were important factors for predicting survival after distant recurrence and should help in designing new therapeutic strategies for this group of patients.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Estrogens , Follow-Up Studies , Korea , Lung , Lymph Nodes , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Objective: To study retrovirus (RV)-mediated transduction of gastric carcinoma cells with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene and the subsequent treatment with ganciclovir(GCV). Methods: The TK gene was transfected into human gastric carcinoma cell line MKN28 using HSV-TK that packed with PA317 cell, the sensitivity of MKN28TK cells to GCV was examined in vitro. Results: The retroviral-mediated HSV-TK gene can be transfected to MKN28 cells. The growth rate of MKN28 cells transfected with HSV-TK gene did not change. MKN28TK cells became significantly sensitive to GCV and had bystander effect. Conclusion: Transfection of gastric carcinoma with HSV-TK has higher transfection efficiency. MKN28TK cells are significantly sensitive to GCV.
ABSTRACT
The effects of thy rotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on survival time, hemodynamics, acid-base balance and subcellular structure of liver cells in canine severe hemorrhagic shock were studied. The results showed that: (1) TRH significantly elevated and maintained mean arterial pressure (MAP) of dogs during shock (MAP was 13.99 ? 0.62 kPa at 4 h after treatment vs 5.09? 105 kPa in control); (2) TRH significantly prolonged the survival time of dogs (alive/total = 4/5 vs 1/5); (3) TRH effectively maintained acid-base balance; and (4) TRH maintained the integrity of subcellular structure of the liver cells. These results suggest that TRH may reverse severe hemorrhagic shock.
ABSTRACT
A case of multiple injuries caused by severe crushing and followed by multiple system organ failure(MSOF)succeded in salvaging was reported. During the course of admission many severe complications occurred, such as shock, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, cardiac insufficiency, bacterial and mycotic septicemia, severe anemia, hypoproteinemia and wound infection. Posttraumatic course was serious, eventful and complicated. According to the treatment of this case authors emphysize as follows: (1) A rescue group including personnel of different professional skill should be established rapidly as soon as possible. (2) Prevention of infection is the basic treatment of MSOF.The most important thing is radical drainage of the wound and removed of the devitaliged tissue. Heavy dose, most effecfive, low-nephrotoxic drugs should be given for control of infection. (3) Maintain normal heart and lung function espescially improving in ventilation and increasing of blood content of 02.Pay attention to the in tra-chcal O2 positive pressure. (4) Hemodialysis should be carried out before occurrance of obvious symptoms and signs of acute renal failuue.(5) Nutritional support.